Knowledge, Self-Reported Practices and Perceived Barriers in the Care of Older Adults Among Nurses at Specialist Hospital Yola, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Population ageing is increasing demand for nurses who can recognise common geriatric syndromes, provide person-centred care and coordinate multidisciplinary support. Evidence on Nigerian nurses’ preparation for this role remains limited. Objective: To describe selected knowledge items, self-reported care practices and perceived barriers related to the care of older adults among nurses at Specialist Hospital Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 132 registered nurses selected by stratified random sampling across hospital departments. A structured questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge statements, frequency of selected practices and perceived barriers. Data were summarised with frequencies and percentages. Results: Most respondents were female (62.9%); 41.7% were aged 30-39 years. Although 67.4% agreed that older adults are at increased risk of multiple chronic diseases, 62.9% incorrectly regarded cognitive decline as a normal part of ageing. Only 19.7% reported always conducting a comprehensive assessment, 18.9% always documenting an individualised care plan and 14.4% always using geriatric-specific protocols when available. Commonly endorsed barriers were staff shortage (63.6%), high workload (59.8%), absence of geriatric-specific protocols (57.5%) and limited specialised training (50.7%). Conclusion: The findings identify specific knowledge misconceptions, inconsistent self-reported practices and organisational barriers. They support locally evaluated in-service education, standardised assessment pathways, geriatric-care protocols and workforce planning. The study does not establish objective clinical competence.